diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/block.php b/application/classes/lnapp/block.php
index 810e1b21..ea72d15d 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/block.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/block.php
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  * @uses       Style
  */
-class lnApp_Block extends HTMLRender {
+abstract class lnApp_Block extends HTMLRender {
 	protected static $_data = array();
 	protected static $_spacer = '<table><tr class="spacer"><td>&nbsp;</td></tr></table>';
 	protected static $_required_keys = array('body');
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/breadcrumb.php b/application/classes/lnapp/breadcrumb.php
index b8eeb814..8bcf4021 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/breadcrumb.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/breadcrumb.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * @copyright  (c) 2010 Deon George
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  */
-class lnApp_Breadcrumb extends HTMLRender {
+abstract class lnApp_Breadcrumb extends HTMLRender {
 	protected static $_data = array();
 	protected static $_spacer = ' &raquo; ';
 	protected static $_required_keys = array('body');
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/headimages.php b/application/classes/lnapp/headimages.php
index 8e846f6e..37595eb4 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/headimages.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/headimages.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * @copyright  (c) 2010 Deon George
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  */
-class lnApp_HeadImages extends HTMLRender {
+abstract class lnApp_HeadImages extends HTMLRender {
 	protected static $_data = array();
 	protected static $_spacer = '&nbsp;';
 	protected static $_required_keys = array('img');
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/html.php b/application/classes/lnapp/html.php
index 7c433172..e69effdf 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/html.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/html.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * @copyright  (c) 2010 Deon George
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  */
-class lnApp_HTML extends Kohana_HTML {
+abstract class lnApp_HTML extends Kohana_HTML {
 	public static function nbsp($string) {
 		if (strlen((string)$string))
 			return $string;
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/meta.php b/application/classes/lnapp/meta.php
index 65846d87..fe554b44 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/meta.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/meta.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * @copyright  (c) 2010 Deon George
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  */
-class lnApp_Meta {
+abstract class lnApp_Meta {
 	private $_data = array();
 	private $_array_keys = array();
 
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/random.php b/application/classes/lnapp/random.php
index 55403010..3e0fa1ce 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/random.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/random.php
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  * @copyright  (c) 2010 Deon George
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  */
-class lnApp_Random {
+abstract class lnApp_Random {
 	public static function char($num=NULL) {
 		return substr(md5(rand()),0,is_null($num) ? rand(6,10) : $num-1);
 	}
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/script.php b/application/classes/lnapp/script.php
index 2620af1f..237acd55 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/script.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/script.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * @copyright  (c) 2010 Deon George
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  */
-class lnApp_Script extends HTMLRender {
+abstract class lnApp_Script extends HTMLRender {
 	protected static $_data = array();
 	protected static $_spacer = "\n";
 	protected static $_required_keys = array('type','data');
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/sort.php b/application/classes/lnapp/sort.php
index 7208faf7..051f0e1f 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/sort.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/sort.php
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  * @uses       Style
  */
-class lnApp_Sort {
+abstract class lnApp_Sort {
 	/**
 	 * Sort a multi dimensional array.
 	 *
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/style.php b/application/classes/lnapp/style.php
index dad08310..48c00744 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/style.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/style.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * @copyright  (c) 2010 Deon George
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  */
-class lnApp_Style extends HTMLRender {
+abstract class lnApp_Style extends HTMLRender {
 	protected static $_data = array();
 	protected static $_spacer = "\n";
 	protected static $_required_keys = array('type','data');
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/systemmessage.php b/application/classes/lnapp/systemmessage.php
index 909f7744..d92fa9b7 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/systemmessage.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/systemmessage.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * @copyright  (c) 2010 Deon George
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  */
-class lnApp_SystemMessage extends HTMLRender {
+abstract class lnApp_SystemMessage extends HTMLRender {
 	protected static $_data = array();
 	protected static $_spacer = '<table><tr class="spacer"><td>&nbsp;</td></tr></table>';
 	protected static $_required_keys = array('title','body','type');
diff --git a/application/classes/lnapp/table.php b/application/classes/lnapp/table.php
index 501c5113..c5b52e83 100644
--- a/application/classes/lnapp/table.php
+++ b/application/classes/lnapp/table.php
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
  * @license    http://dev.leenooks.net/license.html
  * @uses       Style
  */
-class lnApp_Table {
+abstract class lnApp_Table {
 	public static function resolve($d,$key) {
 		if (is_array($d) AND isset($d[$key]))
 			$x = $d[$key];